SNSUC digital warehouse receipts are not signed server-side. The title holder runs a SHA-256 digest over the receipt fields — commodity, quantity, warehouse operator, delivery depot, validity — inside the browser via Web Crypto. The 256-bit hash is produced on the client; the private key never leaves the device. Only the hash and an authorization token go on-chain; the commercial fields stay with the enterprise.

This cuts the cost of verifying whether the title was altered from a centralized lookup to a local hash recompute. Before taking delivery the buyer reruns the same algorithm and confirms the title chain is intact when its digest matches the on-chain record.

On ESG: the carbon-footprint fields — CO₂e per unit, transport mode, accounting boundary — are anchored on-chain as hashes and cannot be rewritten after the fact. In transshipment trades the buyer's bank needs to see goods and cash flows line up; hash attestation survives scrutiny better than a paper inspection report.